The Character Of Henry Perowne In Saturday English Literature Essay

The Character Of Henry Perowne In Saturday English Literature Essay Ian McEwans Saturday is a novel that introduces the present-day world to readers through the perspective of its protagonist, Henry Perowne. Throughout this novel, readers are exposed to an impressive evaluation of what makes up life in this modern century, in which the future appears unpredictable for anyone. By reading every detail about this particular Saturday in the life of Perowne, readers begin to appreciate elements of life that may go unnoticed, the aspects that make each day unique. Perowne ends up interacting with all his family members on his one day off from work. His day is filled with thoughtful reflections and evaluations of the fine points of human behaviour in the modern life. McEwans portrayal of Perowne and his thoughts and actions are what drives this novel from beginning to end. Perowne is a model of a comfortable, contemporary man who lives in a present-day age of uncertainty. All he longs for are possession, belonging, and repition (McEwan 40). However, this un certainty of the future causes even content men such as Perowne to be thrown off into a world of chaotic events and brings out their strengths and weaknesses. The entire novel takes place in London on February 15, 2003. As Perowne, a man in his late forties, gets out of his bed at four oclock in the morning to look out his window, readers begin to sense some foreshadowing of the uncertainty that is waiting ahead of him. He watches a plane on fire fly over London during a post-9/11 time when words like catastrophe and mass fatalities, chemical and biological warfare and major attack have recently become bland through repetition (McEwan 12). But Perowne is not fully shaken by the event he witnesses. He comprehends that this obligation to the news adds to the unease of people in the contemporary world: Its a condition of the times, this compulsion to hear how it stands with the world, and be joined to the generality, to a community of anxiety. The habits grown stronger these past two years; a different scale of news value has been set by monstrous and spectacular scenes. The possibility of their recurrence is one thread that binds the days. The governments counsel that an attack in a European or American city is an inevitability isnt only a disclaimer of responsibility, its a heady promise. Everyone fears it, but theres also a darker longing in the collective mind, a sickening for self-punishment and a blasphemous curiosity. Just as the hospitals have their crisis plans, so the television networks stand ready to deliver, and their audiences wait. Bigger, grosser next time. Please dont let it happen. But let me see it all the same, as its happening and from every angle, and let me be among the first to know. (McEwan 176) However this 21st-century apprehension of a catastrophe about to happen fails to let people see the casual details that affect lives at a deeper and personal level. Perowne is surrounded by people that need his help. His mother is a dementia patient who cannot identify any of her friends or family. His patients at work come to him to rescue them from a sickness or mishap that they couldnt evade or control.He is determined to use science and his skills to better others lives, as well as his own since God chooses to afflict people with these tragedies. He never held a belief in destiny or providence, or in creationism. In its place, he believes that at every instant, a trillion possible futures are possible. To him, the unpredictability of possibility is more real than a God who is in control of the universe and everyones life outcomes. Perowne is introduced in the novel as a man who is happy and satisfied with his life. He lives in an enormous house in London, and leads a prosperous, upper-middle class life. He is content with his work as a respected neurosurgeon, his family of four, and particularly his successful wife: What a stroke of luck, that the woman he loves is also his wife (McEwan 38-9). Readers are then introduced to Perownes unease as a man. He observes the adventures that his married friends have with younger women and begins to think he may be lacking an element of the masculine life force, and a bold and healthy appetite for experience (McEwan 40). Perowne is very self-aware and is a habitual observer of his own moods (McEwan 5). He is a dreamer sometimes and lets a shadowy mental narrativebreak in, urgent and unbidden, even during a consultation (McEwan 20). He mocks at known postmodern suspicions: If the present dispensation is wiped out now, the future will look back on us as gods, certainly in this city, lucky gods blessed by supermarket cornucopias, torrents of accessible information, warm clothes that weigh nothing, extended lifespans, wondrous machines (McEwan 77). Perowne is so aware of the present that he even continues his amusing evaluation of contemporary life in the shower. The more time the reader spends with Perowne, the more one can see a man who is dedicated to doing the correct thing instead of doing the practical thing. McEwan portrays Perowne as a man who in some ways has got it all: happiness and success. However, in the end Perowne sees something in Baxters character that he himself has not got. He realizes through encountering the random yet chaotic events with Baxter that there has to be more to life than merely saving lives (McEwan 28). Baxter is gifted in something that Perowne is not-appreciating the meaning of poetry. It may have been love that changed and touched Baxter, not the scientific activity occurring in his brain. Perownes frame of mind changes throughout the course of the novel, and therefore throughout his Saturday. He goes from being cheerful to cross to optimistic. Schrodingers cat could either be alive or dead in a box, the war could either happen or not happened. Whatever the case may be, the world continues to go on anyway. As this particular Saturday in the life of Perowne unfolds itself, he demonstrates to readers that uncertainty of the future will always exist. It is something that cannot be predicted but can only be responded to.

Gender and Social Norms Essay

In today’s society social norms have huge effects on parental decisions. Some would say that shaping a child’s life around these norms might be what is needed in order for one to have a successful life. Majority of individuals tend to migrate towards others who are like them. With this being said, if you aren’t raised how the average person is, you will not have a group to migrate to and will never develop relationships that can benefit your future. My survey consisted of three questions, which were answered anonymously by ten different individuals. The first two questions were to find out what my participant’s sexes were and what their current marital status was. My final question was, â€Å"Do you feel boys from the ages four to seven should be provided with Barbie Toys if asked for them?† The statistics I received were quite diverse. Being accepted in today’s society is the key factor when developing early relationships, which will impact your future. As it is one has to face plenty of other obstacles such as being discriminated against due to their individual sex, race, culture or religion. If you aren’t raised around the norms society has developed then that is one more obstacle you must face when going through life. Sociological imagination is stated to be forces of society that control our personal experiences. I believe that this hits the direct point I am making when I say that there are forces outside of what one’s parents believe in that influence the way someone is raised. Parents want their children to have the average childhood and be accepted by everyone. The only way one can accomplish this is to base the decisions made for their child around the social norms. For boys, they should only play with action figures and should participate in athletics. Females should only play with Barbies and should be put in classes such as ballet. It is out of what society accepts if one’s child does participate in anything that the opposite sex should be doing. This may lead to harassment of many sorts and keep one from advancing and becoming successful. On the other hand, if someone partakes in something their gender is known for, this may lead to extra opportunities. I am stating that if someone of a specific sex has been raised the way the rest of that society has been, it will broaden their chances to migrate towards others due to a higher chance of commonalities. I found out that sex did not play much of a part when determining what people thought about my topic. Majority of the males did answer no when asked if boys should be allowed to play with Barbies. Females also leaned towards that end. Seventy-one percent of them said they would not allow a boy to play with a Barbie if they asked for it. While tallying the statistics I noticed that every person who was currently in a relationship said they would not allow it. I feel they answered it no because they may have already spoken with their significant others about possibly having children, and they wouldn’t want their child to be an outcast. I would bet that they have not spoken about this specific topic in general; therefore they would keep aware from such topics to avoid any disagreements with their partner. They may believe in two different sides, but choose to stick to what society accepts. I also saw that the few who answered yes were either single or divorced. I think these individuals are at a point where they know they are free to have their own beliefs and will exercise them because there is no one they have to persuade, other than themselves. A single parent may stick to what they believe in when raising their child, or they may resort to what society accepts. The only person I received a survey from who was married chose not to buy such toys for young boys. She actually chose to express why she felt this way. She said that her and her husband are expecting a child shortly and have been open with one another about these sorts of scenarios. She stated that they refuse to force their child (ren) to live in this â€Å"invisible acceptance bubble† that society has come to. They feel everyone should be raised differently so the world will be as diverse as possible. She expressed that she does not want to be a part of raising someone who is exactly like the next child. She described it as society losing its color. Everything will soon be black in white if we keep allowing these invisible rules to take over what should be our decisions. Society has developed norms that many people feel forced to go buy in order to achieve acceptance. Although they may not agree with what the majority does, they refuse to be a part of an outcast group. I understand why people would take part in such actions. I believe it is because they are afraid to be different and not accepted by most, which can lead to lack of relationships, needed to be considered â€Å"normal.† The survey I conducted showed what ten random people thought when asked if they would allow and/or supply a boy from the ages four to seven with a Barbie if asked. Majority responded no, which I feel was because it has been declared â€Å"wrong† in our society. Survey You are being asked to complete this survey on family issues for a paper I am writing for my FCS 340 class. All answers will remain confidential and anonymous.

Reproductive Technology And The Medical Field - 1946 Words

Reproductive technology is one of the most revolutionary developments in the medical field today. One of the newest and most advanced developments in modern medicine is in vitro fertilization (IVF). In vitro fertilization is a reproductive technology in which an egg and sperm are combined in a petri dish and then transferred to a woman’s uterus. This technique is widely used for parents struggling with infertility. This advancement in technology has created the possibility for what scientists are calling, â€Å"designer babies†. A designer baby is a fetus with genes that may be chosen by parents to prevent genetically-transmitted diseases, select the gender of the baby, and most controversially, to choose various physical and mental characteristics such as eye color, hair color, intelligence, and athletic and musical abilities. Although there may be some benefits to being able to genetically modify a child by eliminating diseases, this technique raises many ethical and medical issues. Bioethicists, geneticists and others have suggested that genetically modifying babies may cause miscarriage, other potential dangers such as an increase in class divisions in society, and have unknown effects on other gene characteristics if one gene is altered. Other problems raised include societal issues such as sex discrimination and discrimination favoring designer babies over non-designer babies. I propose that parents should not be allowed to alter and choose a fetus’s genetics exceptShow MoreRelatedThe Field Of Reproductive Technology1484 Words   |  6 PagesToday’s culture has a growing fascination with biotechnology and genetic engineering. This is especially true within the field of reproductive technology. Advancements in this field has expanded family options significantly with the advent of reproductive technologies such as in vetro fertilization, embryo transplant, and varying genetic testing and screening (Finsterbusch, 2008). H owever, what drives humanity to want to modify humankind? Should there be limits placed on these modifications? AndRead MoreEthics Reproductive Technologies. Nicole Hedrick. Baker1371 Words   |  6 PagesEthics Reproductive Technologies Nicole Hedrick Baker College HSC 402A /Dr. Eric Oestmann/Seminar One Position/Argument Essay Abstract There are people around the world trying to have children right now, that cannot and need to use services like reproductive technology to even have the chance of a little one in their future. NRTs are one thing that can help, and it is moving forward with the advancements in technology and science. With this huge advancement in technology and science, many peopleRead MoreBrief Description Of Technology And Assisted Reproductive Technology1453 Words   |  6 PagesBrief description of technology Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) refers to the technology  used to assist human  reproduction  for individuals who are infertile (inability to conceive after trying for at least 12 months). Assisted Reproductive Technologies are categorized as HardwareThere are a variety of assisted reproductive technologies that are used to help couples reproduce: †¢ In vitro fertilization (IVF) – this is fertilization outside of the body. IVF is the most effective and the mostRead MoreThe Ethical Implications Of Cloning997 Words   |  4 Pagessure without the use of humans. Religious, societal, and the destroying of human embryos are some of the ethical standpoint of cloning, reproductive cloning is highly against moral code but hasn’t even been proven to have been used. Yet there is actually a field of genetic cloning that has been working for some time gene, cloning has aided greatly in the medical field and therapeutic cloning may not be that far behind. Gene cloning is the artificial type of cloning scientists use only whenRead MoreA List of Some Medical Specialties1407 Words   |  6 PagesTest †¢ CRH Stimulation Test †¢ Dexamethasone Suppression Test †¢ Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy †¢ Five-Day Glucose Sensor Test (For Diabetes) PULMONOLOGIST A pulmonologist is a physician (MD, or DO degree) who specializes in the field of pulmonary medicine. Pulmonary medicine is a subspecialty of internal medicine. Pulmonary medicine, or pulmonologist, entails the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, conditions, and abnormalities of the lungs and cardio-pulmonary system. PulmonologistsRead More Weighing the Right to Own an Embryo by Mike McKee1290 Words   |  6 PagesMcKee achieves this success is by framing his article as a set of either-or propositions. He presents three main issues: To Birth or Not to Birth, Contract v. Intent, and judicial versus legislative authority. As to the liking of most in a legal field, his article is very neatly and precisely organized. McKee attempts to present each proposition in a very unbiased view with quality evidence, allowing the reader to form his/her own opinions. The first proposition, To Birth or Not to BirthRead MoreThe Medical Tourism Industry Is Beneficial1728 Words   |  7 Pagesand cross cultural exchanges between guest (people coming for medical treatment) and host (country people are resorting to). To strengthen the argument as to why the medical tourism industry is beneficial is that it provides an opportunity to successfully promote the image of India as a healthcare destination as it forms customer relations with foreign travel companies as well as other global medical relatives (Singh, 2014, Pg.8). â€Å"Medical tourism can be considered a kind of import: instead of theRead MoreHuman Cloning Is Justified?1295 Words   |  6 Pagesunethical and dangerous, there are procedures at hand currently that are far from that. The act of human cloning allows for treatment of otherwise incurable diseases, new medical recovery rates, as well as allow technology to advance exponentially. Human cloning is categorized into three main groups:genetic cloning, reproductive cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Genetic cloning is rather self explanatory, the cloning of genetic cells, where one study genetic variations within a person or animal andRead MoreThe Cloning Debate On Cloning1227 Words   |  5 PagesEva Gaetz Sec 09 Kanchan Hulasare The Cloning Debate According to Mosby’s Medical Dictionary, the term â€Å"cloning† is defined as â€Å"a procedure for producing multiple copies of genetically identical organisms or cells or of individual genes.† Researchers have conducted several cloning experiments over the years, replicating tissues, organs, and even full organisms such as Dolly the Sheep in 1997. The history of cloning dates back to the early 1900’s when Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch studied the resultsRead MoreCloning Pros And Cons Of Cloning1147 Words   |  5 Pagesscience and technology has been introduced to where cloning can intentionally be done. Some people see this type of science and technology of cloning as beneficial to society whereas other people find this type of procedure to be inhumane and not beneficial for any purposes. Science has the ethical obligation to present to the public both the benefits of the science and technology process of cloning, such as eliminating birth defects, as wel l as the burdens of the science and technology process of

Cold War in the Eyes of Ray Bradbury - 1689 Words

Ray Bradbury, from small town America (Waukegan, Illinois), wrote two very distinctly different novels in the early Cold War era. The first was The Martian Chronicles (1950) know for its â€Å"collection† of short stories that, by name, implies a broad historical rather than a primarily individual account and Fahrenheit 451 (1953), which centers on Guy Montag. The thematic similarities of Mars coupled with the state of the American mindset during the Cold War era entwine the two novels on the surface. Moreover, Bradbury was â€Å"preventing futures† as he stated in an interview with David Mogen in 1980. A dystopian society was a main theme in both books, but done in a compelling manner that makes the reader aware of Bradbury’s optimism in the†¦show more content†¦The fire that chokes the life from the autonomous house is ironically man’s first invention and a similar fire is used by Montag to: burn the homes of books, to choke the life out of inte llect, and to smother the lungs of those who speak out in Fahrenheit 451. A chaotic flamethrower is used instead a simple fire to show the pure hatred by the general population of books and the â€Å"sadness† they can cause by thinking. This is a loose tie to the two books but; nonetheless, a symbolic and therefore important one. Beyond its symbolism, it also is a metaphor. One could conclude that the fire more fittingly acknowledges starting new again with a blank slate. It is a tree that sets off a chain reaction of events in â€Å"There Will Come Soft Rains† which, ironically means after all of man’s destruction to one another nature overtakes the house, the last faà §ade of man, with mans first invention –fire—the great equalizer. Just as Montag had thought to himself in Fahrenheit 451, â€Å"One, two, three, one, two, three! Rain†(Bradbury 48). There will come soft rain to wash it all away. When speaking of the Cold War one can envision the â€Å"McCarthism† under Truman that had entrenched the U.S. in a very mean spirited paranoia that blossomed into fear and irrational thought. This illusion of â€Å"potentially disloyal† was swallowed by many and created a, as William Touponce put it, â€Å"mass culture† that Bradbury could not stomach. This theme of distrust in the majorityShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 Analysis798 Words   |  4 Pageslessons that are more real than you would think. Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 is no exception. Bradbury had quickly gained global recognition from his stand out dystopian hit that makes controversial social commentaries. Some of the commentaries he touches upon the topics of censorship and social conformity. All of which are demonstrated through the strategic use of demanded conformities and the dystopian setting. Overall, In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury comments on the censorship and ideological limitationsR ead MoreRay Bradbury s Writing Is Loved By Many, And Read By Students And Teachers Across The Globe1426 Words   |  6 Pages Ray Bradbury is a name most people know in the world today. Famous for his science fiction novels and short stories Ray Bradbury’s writing is loved by many, and read by students and teachers across the globe. Ray Bradbury was an american author. Born on august twenty second of nineteen twenty bradbury lived through many of the most important events in modern history. Bradbury recently died on the date of june fifth of two thousand twelve leaving behind his best literature. Though Bradbury wroteRead MoreEssay on the setting of there will come soft rains786 Words   |  4 PagesEssay on the setting of â€Å"August 2026: There Will Come Soft Rains† by Ray Bradbury In â€Å"August 2026: There Will Come Soft Rains†, a short story by world renown author Ray Bradbury, the narrator tells the story of a house in Allendale California, in the year 2026. The setting in this short story is very particular; it is set in a post-apocalyptic world that most likely illustrates the aftermath of a devastating nuclear war. The story takes place over the course of one day: â€Å"August 4, 2026†. The houseRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 Government Control And Fear1488 Words   |  6 Pages In 1947, the United States of America faced the beginning of the Cold War. The Cold War lasted about 45 years. Within that time; in 1953, one of the most influential American authors published his Science-Fiction novel, Fahrenheit 451. Fahrenheit 451 is about a Dystopian culture in which books are forbidden, and burned. Burning the books is a type of censorship, in which the citizens are only permitted to read books that have been preapproved by the gov ernment. The conflicts and concerns expressedRead MoreThought Provoking Illustrations in The Illustrated Man by Ray Bradbury1170 Words   |  5 PagesThought Provoking Illustrations in The Illustrated Man by Ray Bradbury Ray Bradbury first introduces us to the Illustrated Man in Wisconsin, on a warm afternoon in early September. The Illustrated Man is shown to be large and well built, but now, for some reason, going to fat. ===================================================================== His outfit is odd-a woollen shirt buttoned to the top and with cuffs tight. Although this makes him sweat, he pays no attentionRead MoreThe Sniper And The Foghorn917 Words   |  4 Pagesboth have unique writing styles that both work well with the types of stories they wrote. Liam O’Flaherty uses the conflict and setting in â€Å"The Sniper,† to help describe the character during his battle and a very good resolution. In â€Å"The Foghorn†, Ray Bradbury uses the setting, characters, resolution, and conflict to help get the reader interested. Both stories and interesting and can get a reader hooked on them but the one that hooked me was â€Å"The Sniper.† Both stories are good in many ways but I believeRead MoreArchetypes Of Dark In Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 4511483 Words   |  6 Pages Take a look at any timeless movie like the Star Wars, Harry Potter, or Marvel superhero series. In each of these movies, a villain dressed in long black robes, with a corruptive smirk and mind uses their malicious powers to battle rel entlessly with the force of the hero, the strongest and at times, the most kind-hearted character in the film. In these films, Luke fights Vader, Harry battles Voldemort, and Spider-Man combats against his villains. In the end, the hero is praised for bringing peaceRead MoreAnalysis Of Fahrenheit 451 During The Cold War2348 Words   |  10 PagesAndrea Aggarao Mrs.Thunell English II Honors 7 April 2016 Guy Montag’s Transformation Throughout Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury wrote his novel, Fahrenheit 451, during the Cold War. Although he initially wanted to warn people about the danger that technology can greatly affect a society and community for the worst, Bradbury s novel was interpreted as commentary for censorship at the time he was writing the novel. His use of many examples of reality was thought to emphasize this point. Even so, theRead MoreFahrenheit 451: the Firemen851 Words   |  4 Pagesplagued the minds of Americans with fears of atomic war and Cold War conspiracies, provides an appropriate setting for the foundation of novels protesting government policies. Animal Farm, 1984, and other similar satires of the time period demand government reform. But Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 staunchly contrasts these other writings; rather than presenting some omniscient tale admonishing its audience of the dangers of government hierarchy, Bradbury uses satire to criticize primarily emerging trendsRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenh eit 451 1124 Words   |  5 PagesFahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury About the author: Ray Bradbury was born on August 22, 1920 in in Waukegan, Illinois. He died on June 5th, 2012. Ray Bradbury s work has been included in four Best American Short Story collections. He has been awarded the O. Henry Memorial Award, the Benjamin Franklin Award, the World Fantasy Award for Lifetime Achievement, the Grand Master Award from the Science Fiction Writers of America, the PEN Center USA West Lifetime Achievement Award, and many others. Historical

Anorexia Nervosa A Serious, Deadly Disease Essay

Eating disorders affect many people and overcoming eating disorders can be a very difficult task. Anorexia Nervosa is a serious, deadly eating disorder that many people are diagnosed with every year, especially females. Women are seven to ten times more likely to develop an eating disorder than men. What would make someone want to go to the extent to starve themselves to lose weight? There are many reasons why people with Anorexia Nervosa refuse their bodies to eat. Treating the psychological disorder can be a very difficult task, but it is important to help people get back to a normal, healthy life. What is Anorexia Nervosa? Anorexia Nervosa translated means â€Å"a nervous loss of appetite†. It is a psychological disorder that causes†¦show more content†¦Often times if someone misses their period three consecutive times, the person could be at risk for this disease if they have the other symptoms as well. Many times someone with this disease will not just restric t their food intake, they will also over-exercise. Several times these people will reduce their food intake down to one-thousand calories per day. The average person will have an intake of around two-thousand calories per day, varying for the size of the person. There are two types of Anorexia Nervosa. The first type is when someone restricts their food intake, especially in carbohydrates. Meats will be avoided at all possible costs because it has fat in it as well as skipping complete meals. Carefully counting the amount of calories they consume per day is a daily activity for them. If they gain even a single pound, they will do anything to get rid of the weight at fast as possible. This can lead to the second type of Anorexia Nervosa. They second type involves food restrictions as well as periods of binge eating and purging. The person will binge eat to satisfy their hunger and cravings, followed by self-induced vomiting. Sometimes they will use laxatives to force the food ou t of their bodies before the body can process the food for energy or fat. This type of Anorexia Nervosa is usually found in older victims, as well as people with a higher amount of psychological issues like depression, anxiety, and guilt.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Cause and Effect of Anorexia1128 Words   |  5 Pagesvillainous disease was not cancer or AIDS. I had anorexia, a condition which afflicts many teens and young adults, especially young women.† Holly (Caringonline.org) Anorexia is a type of eating disorder who has an intense fear of gaining weight. They severely limit the amount of food they eat and can become dangerously thin (1). Anorexia affects both the mind and body and can even become deadly. Anorexia usually starts in the teen years and can go into adult hood. Untreated anorexia can lead toRead MoreEating Disorders And The Media799 Words   |  4 Pages Eating Disorders and Their Relationship to Images in the Media: Anorexia and Bulimia People around the world are suffering from different eating disorders. Some people simply can’t stop eating which causes overweight. Others, controversially, don’t eat at all causing themselves to end up with hardly treatable eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. Such eating disorders are mainly caused by the mass media including advertisements, magazines television and internet. In today s existenceRead MoreEssay on Anorexia Nervosa: Two Types of Eating Disorders564 Words   |  3 PagesAnorexia nervosa is a deadly eating disorder which makes people think that they are fat, even when they are really skinny. Anorexia is not only a physical disorder, but also a physiological disorder. The people who have it often feel fat, even though others say they aren’t, they are also scared of gaining weight. In order to prevent others from getting suspicious, they lie about the amount they eat.Normally, people who are 15% lighter than the expected body weight have Anorexia. A misconception thatRead MoreThe Effects Of Anorexia Nervosa On The Human Body1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Anorexia Nervosa On the Human Body Anorexia is a lack or loss of appetite for food as a medical condition and is also considered an emotional disorder categorized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat. Anorexia is found in all people, male and female of any age and in some cases can be life threatening. The reason Anorexia and all eating disorders in general are important to study is because they are a significant part of society. Eating disorders also hold theRead MoreEating Disorders Essay641 Words   |  3 Pages There are two main types of eating disorders, and one that has not yet been confirmed as a disease. These are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge-Eating Disorder. These disorders are not due to a failure of will or behavior, but are real, treatable illnesses in which certain poor patterns of eating take on a life of their own. These disorders usually co-occur with other illnesses such as depression, substance abuse, and anxiety disorders. Women are more likely to suffer from eatingRead MoreA Brief Note On Western Iowa Tech Anorexia Nervosa1069 Words   |  5 Pages Anorexia Nervosa Alma I Puga Western Iowa TechAnorexia Nervosa According to the National Institute of Mental Health, death from starvation, or medical complications, heart attacks or kidney failure, affects 1 out of every 10 cases of Anorexia. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is most common in young adolescents girls . People diagnosed with this disorder have a distorted view of themselves and a fear of gaining weight. They often restrict how much food they eat in orderRead More Eating Disorders Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesyouth of this era is eating disorders. While some overlook it and don’t think it is a problem eating disorders should be given serious consideration. This is because the psychological ramification of eating disorders tends to have lasting effects over the course of the adolescents’ life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An eating disorder is any of various psychological disorders, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia, which involves insufficient or excessive food intake. They are a silent epidemic and a exceedingly negative responseRead MoreEating Disorders : An Unhealthy Consumption Level Of Food1778 Words   |  8 Pagesregulate weight using different means (â€Å"restricting food intake, binge eating, and purging food through self-induced vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, enemas, fasting, excessive exercise, or overeating†) (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Bulimia nervosa is a severe eating disorder associated with episodic binge eating followed by extreme behaviors to avoid weight gain such as self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise (Frank, G. 2011). Eating disorders have existed for a longRead MoreTeenagers Are Suffering With Multiple Eating Disorders1484 Words   |  6 Pagestowards the issue which their child is facing and take action immediately to save their child from the dangerous activities. It is important for them to realize that their child is in great danger once they begin to do any of these tasks. Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are psychological problems which mostly affect teenagers and causes them to become conscious about their weight and body image. Meanwhile, parents are very naà ¯ve and ignorant which causes them not to recognize the signs that their child(s)Read MoreAnorexia Nervosa Essay2312 Words   |  10 PagesAnorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that is most prevalent in adolescent girls and young women. It is distinguished by the loss of at least 15% of the expected body weight (Long). The disease is characterized by the obsessive fear of gaining weight; through this fear, the person engages in dangerous dieting habits that prevent weight gain. According to statistics in 2011 anorexia is categorized as the third most common chronic disease among adolescents, in addition, eating d isorders also have

Effective School Leadership Free Essays

Effective School leadership today must combine the traditional school leadership duties such as teacher evaluation, budgeting, scheduling, and facilities maintenance with a deep involvement with specific aspects of teaching and learning. Some key elements of Instructional leadership and what I believe to be most important and effective elements in the leadership role include the following: Prioritization: Instructional Leaders make adult learning a priority and set high expectations for performance (NAESP, 2001). While leaders cannot neglect other duties, teaching and learning is where the majority of a leader’s scheduled time needs to be allocated. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective School Leadership or any similar topic only for you Order Now Visible Presence: Placing the focus on learning objectives, modeling behaviors of learning, and designing programs and activities on instruction are essential for instructional leadership (Whitaker, 1997). Having leaders as teachers of instruction serves as a model for many teachers who may struggle with certain concepts and can help build trust and relationships. Curriculum: Principals need to know about the changing concepts of curriculum (Approaches to Leadership). The goal of any leader should be to increase student achievement; therefore, the curriculum, instruction, and assessments must all be aligned with the standards. Leaders need to be knowledgeable with curriculum and state standards and provide professional development and continuous learning for adults. Data: In their focus on improving achievement, effective leaders use multiple sources of information to assess performance (NAESP, 2001). Many leaders use data to help guide the instructional focus and professional development for teachers. Effective leaders skillfully gather information that determines how well a school organization is meeting goals and use that information to refine strategies designed to meet or extend the goals. Effective leaders make student success pivotal to their work and,  accordingly, pay attention to and communicate about instruction, curriculum, and student mastery of learning objectives, and are visible in the school. Learning needs to occur throughout an organization, and instructional leaders need to become participants in the learning process in order to shape and encourage the implementation of effective learning models in their schools. To illustrate, effective leaders don’t just arrange for professional development; rather, they participate in staff training provided to their staffs. Additionally, good leaders foster the idea of working together as a valuable enterprise because they understand that this kind of collaborative learning community ultimately will build trust, collective responsibility, and a school wide focus on improved student learning (Mendez-Morse, 1991). How to cite Effective School Leadership, Essays

Role Of Information Systems

Question: Understand the central role of information systems and of the world- wide- web in organisations. Identify the elements of hardware and software used for the transmission, storage and retrieval of information. Demonstrate how the quality of management decision making is enhanced by information systems. Answer: Introduction The introduction of online retailers disrupted the offline business model and with the ecommerce sites always-on online presence, user-friendly UI, tight integration with social media sites and customer data collection for analytics, led birth to Digital Marketing. This study discusses the e-commerce business model with critical analysis of the situation, problem, its solution and evaluation from the point of privacy concerns a user face when shopping online Adoption of new marketing techniques use of social media as a tool to bond customer relations and support, and lastly, the impact online retailers have over the retail market are explained in the mentioned format. Findings and Analysis Impact of ecommerce in Retail Industry In a country like UK where 84% of the population goes online for their shopping needs, it only makes sense for ecommerce companies to convert visitors into customers. It is bolstered by the fact that internet speeds are only increasing with small caps on data limit. Brick-mortar stores are at risk if they do not adopt a policy of shifting a part of their business model online. A survey of adults spending time on different social networking is shown. Figure 1: Percentage of adults spending time on social networks (Source: Hajli, 2014, pp-390) In countries like India, the ecommerce accounts for less than 1% of the total retail market, but it is a fastest growing market and is expected to rise as much as $22 billion in next five years from the existing $3.1 billion at present (Priyanka and Srinivasan, 2015). The way an ecommerce business works is different from that of an offline retail business (Figure 2). (Source: Mohapatra, 2013, pp- 170) According to Heuer, Brettel and Kemper (2015), browsing products in an e-commerce site is easy, but both retail and brick stores are facing increased competition. Retail stores find themselves with fewer customers as the online ecommerce sites provide features like cash on delivery, free delivery, sales and hefty deals from time to time. For online only stores, their delivery system is either handled by its partner or partnering with a third-party courier service. Often a courier service is limited to the outskirts of the city and those living in a rural area often have to travel a lot to get their package. Also, not all sellers deliver products to each and every part of the country, especially if the item is large or heavy (Izzah, Rifai and Yao, 2016). According to Almousa (2013), to increase competition, more competitors have entered the online market at competitive rates muddying the water more. Adding to that confusion each product in a marketplace has lots of sellers. Also, return policy in case of defects varies from seller to seller. International shipping is viable albeit a costly option if the product is not available in the online store of a particular region. Cheung et al. (2016) opined that one solution for retail business is to shift their products to an online marketplace business model. Some offline retailers also offer an alternative online store for their products, but it needs a website dedicated to it. People who cannot visit the store will shop from their online store (Sahney, 2015). More and more online retailers are expanding their delivery service by partnering with local delivery and courier services. In many countries, rules are enforced for a product to be deliverable anywhere within a country (Mahapatra, 2013). According to Hayashi, Nemoto and Visser (2014), customers need to look for verified and trusted sellers, especially one with a good reputation and more stars which can be easily seen. For return policies, one can ask the seller directly if it is not listed alongside the seller. International shipping is costly, but it is still an alternative if the demand of the product is much to the user. According to Landers et al. (2015), for offline retailers moving to an only marketplace makes sense as they will get more exposure, especially if they are not much popular or are trying to expand. The idea of having the alternative of having an online store to the brick and mortar store has been adopted successfully by many. Delivery of a product to anywhere in a country is something which greatly varies from country to country. It is not perfect, but it is significantly improving. The reason of not completely expanding onto rural areas has more to do with less demand for products, and geographical difficulties can shoot up delivery costs. E-commerce business and its use of social media With the proliferation of social media in this internet age and crowdculture being a major decision factor, ecommerce websites are increasingly using social media sites to create content in the form of ads, short films, sponsoring popular events and movies, competitions among many events (Branding in the Age of Social Media, 2016). The idea is to shift the perspective from being passive and be more interactive by reaching the masses through the use of entertainment medium. Example being, in YouTube channels of a brand or a person, creates videos to attract the audience and the gauging factors for popularity are the number of views and likes which are proportional in nature. Cultural branding is to make it a popular icon among the masses. Crowd culture determines which products are desirable and are on the rise. As per Hajli (2014), social media is also an effective medium to create a support network for addressing customer complaints, requests and taking feedbacks. It requires managing of different roles of and a different category of a support team. It helps in creating public relations. Social networking is time intensive in nature due to its very interactive nature. One has to monitor all the social network channels, learn the intricacies and its use in a business application, reply to the comments and queries made by the customer within a specified time frame in a professional way. Not everybody feels at the ease of sharing personal information through a social medium to contact a business, and it has been a prevalent topic of controversy till date. The practice of customized ads for visitors by utilizing the information from social media lowers the privacy of those using it (Madden, 2012). According to Calefato, Lanubile and Novielli (2015), negative feedback in the form of replies, pictures or videos targeting the brand or service can have far-reaching consequences, and it can damage the reputation. It also tends to be viral as a comment made on a social network is quickly shared and seen by everyone visiting the page. It cannot be ignored but have to be handled efficiently by damage control. One downside to social network marketing is that it attracts a lot of existing loyal customers but bringing new customers takes a lot of effort change in the marketing plan. Use of customer information on ecommerce platform Ecommerce businesses need to find personnel who have knowledge in digital marketing or have experience in the practical field; otherwise, they have to be trained separately (Social Media Is Too Important to Be Left to the Marketing Department, 2016). According to Rubinstein and Good (2012), a collection of user data for marketing and user-experience improvement has to be mentioned in the privacy policies of the website. For social networking sites, most sites display user confirmation or warning on which personal info will be collected in the form of a popup (dAquin and Thomas, 2013). Google Plus, Facebook are major examples (Wilson, Proudfoot and Valacich, 2014). Figure 3: Collection of user data on ecommerce platform (Source: Gao et al. 2014, pp- 104) By the words of Srinivasan (2014), in the case of a negative feedback it has to be addressed as professionally as possible, and the user complaint has to be dealt critical and top priority to provide a solution or a workaround; in case there is none a fix or a solution has to be dispatched and confirmed before the user. A positive experience will float around the internet the same way as a negative experience. For a business to survive it has to attract new customers from time to time for expansion and increasing user base. Therefore, the business has to avoid saturation of any kind. The brand name change, or change in marketing tactics if carefully dealt works to its advantage. Training of personnel is often cost-prohibitive and recruiting someone with experience in digital marketing is a bit hard to come by for the subject being fairly nascent. Security issues with customer data and prevention Many e-commerce websites collect personal information of the users either through forms or web-based cookies. A collection of data usage is often told in advance to the visitors visiting the site and is required to accept, which is voluntary or are just stored without informing when they browse through the website, which is involuntary (Chen, Chiang and Storey, 2012). Privacy policies are set up and are stated clearly in the data collection and auto-user confirmation upon using the site. According to a Canadian survey 23% of people are afraid of bank fraud. Figure 4: Chart showing percentage of users concerned with privacy issues (Source: Madden, 2012, pp-10) A collection of user data is a gray area where the advantages and risk often go hand-to-hand. A user can always shop in an incognito mode where the session data is deleted when the user closes the browser. Law enforcement authorities that govern e-commerce sites are Federal Trade Commission, State Enforcement, and Private tort actions, which are brought under the ECPA and common-law privacy invasion (E-Commerce: An Introduction, 2016). Privacy policies mention that data are collected and if cookies or web bugs are used, which third parties have access to the information, security measures to ensure confidentiality, if the site owners will disclose users personal info if it is required; hence, the user is not kept in dark and can take lawsuit actions if they are broken (Adelola, Dawson and Batmaz, 2015). Shopping in incognito mode is possible, but it is not entirely useful since it requires additional steps and not all users are aware of it especially those who are not much computer literate or is their first time shopping online. Also with major e-commerce sites going to app mode or forcing users to opt for it, privacy takes step backward, leaving users with almost no choice in erasing their personal info (Gao et al., 2014). Marketing techniques of ecommerce business As per Bansal and Zahedi (2014), a user who is in greater need of a product, or has much spending potential is charged more; while a user who shops for bargain deals, in general, will be denied any discount in price. It is simply due to the vendor not gaining any profit by selling to that user. Targeted ads and web banners are more of an intrusion on privacy, and the user is constantly bombarded with product recommendations even when the person is not shopping or do not want to reveal his search habits to other individuals using the same computer. The purpose of data collection is to offer regular visitors with customized deals and services based on their past usage habits. Targeted ads and web banners are displayed on various sites, so the user is made aware of his possible items needed to be brought (Ramakrishnan, Jones and Sidorova, 2012). Conclusion Both e-commerce and offline brick and mortar stores are here to stay but in the longer run for the offline retailers to survive they have to coexist. Privacy is still a major source of a dilemma for new and existing customers and visitors alike, but with improved policies and federal laws governing them it is accessible for a customer to lodge the complaint or file a lawsuit. Online retailers have resorted to social sites to interact better with clients in the form of support services and to gauge the popularity of their products, all while maintaining the reputation and expanding their business. Online business is a booming industry and the increased competition only forces them to offer massive discounts, deals, and sales to attract customers. The authenticity of sellers and fake products remain a problem for some online marketplaces, but there are easy workarounds for verifying the seller. Recommendations One Marketplace - There are many competitors in the online ecommerce business and for a customer it is confusing. To make it simpler, those competitors can trade by allowing themselves to work under a single marketplace. Reducing Discounts - Even though discounts and deals are great for customers but offline retailers, it means almost running in loss and losing customers. Therefore, discounts and deals must be made less attractive or less cheap. Quality Check - Some online retailers often do not check the authenticity of the products sent by sellers, and many sellers are selling fake or duplicate products. Quality assurance must be given to customers and quality check must be done internally, and it can stop retailers from doing business which has a very low rating or those who do not pass the quality test. User friendly Privacy Policies - Privacy policies need to be more clear, precise and if presented in a way as to not intimidate the user will attract lots of customers for being upfront about it. References: Adelola, T., Dawson, R. and Batmaz, F., (2015). Privacy and data protection in e-commerce in developing nations: evaluation of different data protection approaches. [Accessed 12 Jul. 2016] Almousa, M., (2013). Barriers to E-Commerce Adoption: Consumers Perspectives from a Developing Country. [Accessed 12 Jul. 2016] Bansal, G. and Zahedi, F.M., (2014). Trust-discount tradeoff in three contexts: frugality moderating privacy and security concerns.Journal of Computer Information Systems,55(1), pp.13-29. [Accessed 12 Jul. 2016]. Calefato, F., Lanubile, F. and Novielli, N., (2015). The role of social media in affective trust building in customersupplier relationships.Electronic Commerce Research,15(4), pp.453-482. [Accessed 12 Jul. 2016] Chen, H., Chiang, R.H. and Storey, V.C., (2012). 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[Accessed 12 Jul. 2016 Figure 2: Overall process of working of an ecommerce business